Validation of a Rapid GC-MS Method for Forensic Seized Drug and Ignitable Liquid Screening Applications

With the lack of standardized validation protocols across the forensic chemistry community, validation of instrumentation can be a challenging and time-consuming task. However, this process is crucial to understand the associated capabilities and limitations, especially for nascent technologies. Rapid GC-MS is one such emerging analytical technique being increasingly implemented in forensic laboratories due to its fast and informative screening capabilities. However, a full validation for forensic samples has yet to be published since its debut. This work presents the results of a comprehensive validation of an in-house rapid GC-MS system for seized drug and ignitable liquid analyses through the assessment of nine components: selectivity, matrix effects, precision, accuracy, range, carryover/contamination, robustness, ruggedness, and stability. Single- and/or multi-compound test solutions of commonly encountered seized drug or ignitable liquid compounds were used for each study to assess method and system performance. Results met the designated acceptance criteria for a majority of components. For example, retention time and mass spectral search score % RSDs were ≤ 10 % for precision and robustness studies. Limitations were identified for components that did not meet the acceptance criteria (e.g., inability for isomer differentiation). The study designs are part of a larger validation package developed for rapid GC-MS that includes validation plans and automated workbooks for each forensic application. The template, available for adoption by laboratories as needed, ultimately aims to reduce the barrier of implementation for rapid GC-MS technology.