Insights in Molybdenum Composite Catalysts for High Performance Hydrazine monopropellant Decomposition in Thrusters, for Spacecraft, Satellites, Space probes, Launch Vehicles’ technologies, and Beyond.

Launch Vehicles, satellites, Spacecraft, energy storage technologies constitute an important human endeavour, which requires big investment and highly crucial actions to fulfill the well being of our societies. So, hydrazine is largely used as a liquid propellant in the launch vehicles technologies, which is known to decompose over a shell 405 commercial catalyst to make done the space mission successful. Catalytic hydrazine decomposition over catalysts happens in two ways, indirect pathway which goes via (NH3/N2) intermediate to yield (H2/N2), and direct pathway to (N2/H2). This reaction products might be influenced by catalysts selectivity and reaction conditions such as temperature in the reactor room. Especially, in the satellite motor thruster, it is well known nowadays that metallic supported irridium catalyst plays a fantastic job to make this fuel decomposition, as the shell 405 case. Analysis shows that monometallic (Ir/Al2O3) and bimetallic (Ir-Ru/Al2O3) catalysts behave similarly as to shell 405 catalyst for hydrazine decomposition reaction (HzDR) in the satellite thruster. Also, forms of Ir composite catalysts have shown as powerful candidate for this special catalytic reaction. But, an effective and cheap catalysts based on molybdenum (Mo) catalysts revealed higher catalytic performances for this issue. Here, a significant ways of molybdenum catalysts engineering are fully shown, which exhibited advanced features of molybdenum based composites. In fact, allowing higher catalytic performance in the disintegration of hydrazine in satellite thrusters technologies. Also, these Mo-Catalysts showed a good hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) activity in fuel cell technology, hydrogen evolution (HER) through water splitting, and act as environmental hydrazine sensing platform. Therefore, Mo-based materials could be suggested as the resolver of many catalytic and environmental issues via Mo-hybrid materials engineering technologies.