Interaction of Hydroxychloroquine with SARS-CoV2 Functional Proteins Using All-atoms Non-equilibrium Alchemical Simulations

17 April 2020, Version 1
This content is a preprint and has not undergone peer review at the time of posting.

Abstract

The paper presents an accurate in silico measurement of the dissociation constant of HCQ on three important SARS-Cov2 protein targets, namely the main protease (3CLpro) and the Papain-like protease (PLpro) and the RNA dependent RNA polimerase (RdRp), using the recently the released PDB stuructures of these protein. Calculations are done using state-of-the art force fields and advanced simulation methodologies combining enhanced sampling and nonequilibrium techniques amenable to massive parallelization on a dedicated HPC cluster.

We have shown that HCQ may act as a mild inhibitor for all the three viral proteins, with potency increasing in the series PLpro, 3CLpro, RdRp. By analyzing the bound state configurations, we were able to improve the potency for the 3CLpro target, designing a novel HCQ-inspired compound, named PMP329, with predicted nanomolar activity. If confirmed in vitro, our results provide a convincing molecular rationale for the use of HCQ or of strictly related derivatives in the treatment of Covid-19.


Keywords

COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, alchemical simulations, nonequilibrium, hydroxychloroquine, ligand design, main protease, 3CLpro, PLpro, RdRp, Jarzynski theorem

Supplementary materials

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